A Cochrane review included 21 studies with a total of 2582 subjects. Different inhalational anesthetics were used (halothane, enflurane, desflurane, trichloethylene). Either fentanyl or alfentanil was as an opiate for pain control. All studies included at least one sedative/hypnotic agent (propofol, methohexital, thiopental, ketamine, midazolams, and etomidate). Conscious sedation increased intraoperative but decreased postoperative pain compared to genereal anesthesia GA alone (Peto OR 14.77 95% CI 4.91 to 44.38, and Peto OR 7.47 95% CI 2.2 to 25.36 for dilation and aspiration respectively, and WMD 1.00 95% CI 1.77 to 0.23 postoperatively). Inhalation anesthetics were associated with increased blood loss (p<0.001). The influence of premedication with various analgesics (paracetamol, etoricoxib, ketoroloac, diclofenac, lornoxicam, nalbuphine, dihydrocodeine, paracetamol with codeine) on postoperative pain after general anesthesia was studied in 7 trials. Etoricoxib, lornoxicam, diclofenac and ketorolac IM, and the opioid nalbuphine reduced postoperative pain.